|
Criteria for Substance
Dependence Diagnosis Test
How Can We Tell if Someone is Abusing or Dependent to a Substance?
- At least three of the following
are necessary; some of the symptoms of the disturbance must
have persisted for at least one month or have occurred repeatedly
over a longer period of time:
 |
• Substance is often
taken in larger amounts or over longer period than intended
• Persistent desire or one or more unsuccessful efforts to
cut down or control substance use
• A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to
get the substance (e.g., theft), taking the substance (e.g., chain
smoking), or recovering from its effects
• Important social, occupational, or recreational activities
given up or reduced because of substance abuse
• Continued substance use despite knowledge of having a persistent
or recurrent social, psychological, or physical problem that is
caused or exacerbated by use of the substance
• Marked tolerance: need for markedly increased amounts of
the substance (> 500/ increase) in order to achieve intoxication
or desired effect, or markedly diminished effect with continued
use of the same amount
• Characteristic withdrawal symptoms
• Substance often taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms
• Frequent intoxication or withdrawal symptoms when expected
to fulfill major role obligations or when use is physically hazardous
-
A maladaptive pattern of
substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or
distress as manifested by three (or more) of the following,
occurring at any time in the same 12-month period:
• Substance is often taken in larger amounts or over longer
period than intended
• Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down
or control substance use
• A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary
to obtain the substance (e.g., visiting multiple doctors or
driving long distances), use the substance (e.g., chain smoking),
or recover from its effects
• Important social, occupational, or recreational activities
given up or reduced because of substance abuse
• Continued substance use despite knowledge of having a
persistent or recurrent psychological, or physical problem that
is caused or exacerbated by use of the substance
Tolerance, as defined by either:
1. need for read amounts of the substance
in order to achieve intoxication or desired effect; or
2. markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount
Withdrawal, as manifested by either:
1. characteristic withdrawal syndrome
for the substance; or
2. the same (or closely related) substance is taken to relieve or
avoid withdrawal symptoms
- Three or more of the following must have
been experienced or exhibited at some time during the previous
year:
• Difficulties in controlling substance-taking
behavior in terms of its onset, termination, or levels of use
• A strong desire or sense of compulsion to take the substance
• Progressive neglect of alternative pleasures or interests
because of psychoactive substance use, increased amount of time
necessary to obtain or take the substance or to recover from its
effects
• Persisting with substance use despite clear evidence of
overtly harmful consequences, depressive mood states consequent
to heavy use, or drug related impairment of cognitive functioning
• Evidence of tolerance, such that increased doses of the
psychoactive substance are required in order to achieve effects
originally produced by lower doses
• A physiological withdrawal state when substance use has
ceased or been reduced, as evidence by: the characteristic withdrawal
syndrome for the substance; or use of the same (or a closely related)
substance with the intention of relieving or avoiding withdrawal
symptoms
|